1.0 Introduction to C

C est un langage généraliste développé par Dennis Ritchie dans les années 1970. Il est conçu pour être efficace et portable, permettant ainsi de fonctionner sur de nombreux systèmes informatiques différents.

C'est un choix populaire pour la programmation système et d'autres applications où les performances sont critiques. Il est connu pour ses caractéristiques suivantes :

Portabilité : C peut fonctionner sur de nombreux systèmes différents
Efficacité : C produit des codes qui s'exécutent rapidement
Gestion de la mémoire à bas niveau : C permet la manipulation directe de la mémoire
Programmation procédurale : C met l'accent sur les procédures et les fonctions

C a eu un impact significatif sur l'informatique et la conception de logiciels, et est encore largement utilisé aujourd'hui.

C for Python or Ocaml devs

Feature	🐍 Python	🐫 OCaml	⚙️ C
Execution model	Interpreted (bytecode runs on a virtual machine)	Compiled (to native code or bytecode for the OCaml runtime)	Compiled (translates to machine code)
Memory management	Automatic (garbage collection)	Automatic (garbage collection)	Manual (explicit allocation and deallocation)
Typing	Dynamic (type checked at runtime)	Static (strongly typed, with type inference)	Static (type checked at compile time)
Syntax	High-level, simple, and expressive	High-level, concise, functional, and expressive	Low-level, verbose, with manual structuring
Standard library	Extensive and built-in	Moderate, functional and imperative utilities included	Minimal, relies on third-party libraries
Pointers	Not directly exposed	Not directly exposed, abstracted by values and references	Core concept for memory and addressing
Error handling	Exceptions	Exceptions and pattern matching (expressive error handling)	Return codes and error flags
Use case	Rapid development, scripting, web development	Functional programming, compiler design, theorem proving, static analysis	Systems programming, embedded systems, performance-critical applications

Inspiration: Nim for Python Programmers

English version 🇬🇧

C is a general-purpose language developed by Dennis Ritchie in the 1970s. It's designed to be efficient and portable, allowing it to run on many different computer systems.

It's a popular choice for systems programming and other applications where performance is critical. It's known for its:

Portability: C code can run on many different systems
Efficiency: C produces fast-running code
Low-level memory management: C allows direct manipulation of memory
Procedural programming: C emphasizes on procedures and functions

C has had a significant impact on computer science and software engineering, and is still widely used today.

Source: Wikipedia